# 方式一：单个文件引入
cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg
cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg

# 方式二：目录引入（推荐，加载目录下所有 .cfg 文件）
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/objects/
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/conf.d/

# 日志文件位置
log_file=/var/log/nagios/nagios.log

# 日志轮转方式
# n = None, h = Hourly, d = Daily, w = Weekly, m = Monthly
log_rotation_method=d

# 日志归档路径
log_archive_path=/var/log/nagios/archives/

# 是否记录初始状态
log_initial_states=1

# 是否记录当前状态
log_current_states=1

# 是否记录被动检查
log_passive_checks=1

# 是否记录外部命令
log_external_commands=1

# 是否记录主机下服务
log_service_retries=1
log_host_retries=1

# 日志级别（Nagios 4.x）
# 0 = LOG_NOTHING
# 1 = LOG_EVERYTHING
# ...（更多级别见文档）
log_level=LOG_ALL

# 状态文件（运行时状态数据）
status_file=/var/log/nagios/status.dat

# 对象缓存文件
object_cache_file=/var/log/nagios/objects.cache

# 保留状态信息
retain_state_information=1
state_retention_file=/var/log/nagios/retention.dat
retention_update_interval=60

# 状态更新间隔
status_update_interval=10

# 是否执行服务检查
execute_service_checks=1

# 是否接受被动服务检查
accept_passive_service_checks=1

# 是否执行主机检查
execute_host_checks=1

# 是否接受被动主机检查
accept_passive_host_checks=1

# 服务检查间歇时间（秒，防止检查风暴）
service_inter_check_delay_method=s
service_inter_check_delay=1.0

# 服务检查交错因子
service_interleave_factor=s

# 最大并行服务检查数
max_parallel_service_checks=0  # 0 表示无限制

# 主机检查间歇时间
host_inter_check_delay=5.0

# 最大并行主机检查数
max_parallel_host_checks=0

# 是否启用通知
enable_notifications=1

# 是否执行事件处理器
enable_event_handlers=1

# 服务通知间隔（由模板控制，此处为默认值）
service_notification_timeout=60

# 主机通知间隔
host_notification_timeout=30

# 是否检查外部命令
check_external_commands=1

# 命令文件路径（FIFO 管道）
command_file=/var/log/nagios/rw/nagios.cmd

# 命令检查间隔
# -1 = 尽可能频繁
# 0 = 不检查（不推荐）
# > 0 = 指定秒数
command_check_interval=-1

# 命令文件大小限制
external_command_buffer_slots=4096

# 事件代理选项（用于性能数据输出等）
event_broker_options=-1

# 自定义代理模块
# broker_module=/path/to/module.o args

# 服务性能数据处理命令
service_performance_data_command=process-service-perfdata

# 主机性能数据处理命令
host_performance_data_command=process-host-perfdata

# 服务性能数据文件
service_perfdata_file=/var/log/nagios/service-perfdata
service_perfdata_file_template=DATATYPE::SERVICEPERFDATA\tTIMET::$TIMET$\tHOSTNAME::$HOSTNAME$\tSERVICEDESC::$SERVICEDESC$\tSERVICEPERFDATA::$SERVICEPERFDATA$\tSERVICECHECKCOMMAND::$SERVICECHECKCOMMAND$\tHOSTSTATE::$HOSTSTATE$\tHOSTSTATETYPE::$HOSTSTATETYPE$\tSERVICESTATE::$SERVICESTATE$\tSERVICESTATETYPE::$SERVICESTATETYPE$
service_perfdata_file_mode=a
service_perfdata_file_processing_interval=15
service_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-service-perfdata-file

define object_type {
    object_attribute    value
    ...
}

# 父对象（模板）
define host {
    name                    generic-host
    notifications_enabled   1
    event_handler_enabled   1
    flap_detection_enabled  1
    process_perf_data       1
    retain_status_information   1
    retain_nonstatus_information    1
    notification_period     24x7
    register                0  # 0 = 不注册（仅作为模板）
}

# 子对象（继承模板）
define host {
    use                     generic-host
    host_name               web-server-01
    alias                   Web Server 01
    address                 192.168.1.100
}

define host {
    use                     linux-server,high-frequency-check
    host_name               critical-server-01
    alias                   Critical Server 01
    address                 192.168.1.200
}

# /etc/nagios/objects/templates.cfg

########################################
# 通用主机模板
########################################
define host {
    name                    generic-host
    notifications_enabled   1
    event_handler_enabled   1
    flap_detection_enabled  1
    process_perf_data       1
    retain_status_information   1
    retain_nonstatus_information    1
    max_check_attempts      3
    check_interval          5
    retry_interval          1
    notification_interval   60
    notification_options    d,u,r
    notification_period     24x7
    check_period            24x7
    register                0
}

########################################
# Linux 服务器模板
########################################
define host {
    name                    linux-server
    use                     generic-host
    check_command           check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
    max_check_attempts      5
    check_interval          5
    retry_interval          1
    check_period            24x7
    notification_interval   120
    notification_options    d,u,r
    notification_period     workhours
    contact_groups          admins
    register                0
}

########################################
# Windows 服务器模板
########################################
define host {
    name                    windows-server
    use                     generic-host
    check_command           check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
    max_check_attempts      10
    check_interval          5
    retry_interval          1
    check_period            24x7
    notification_interval   30
    notification_options    d,r
    notification_period     24x7
    contact_groups          admins
    register                0
}

########################################
# 网络设备模板
########################################
define host {
    name                    generic-switch
    use                     generic-host
    check_command           check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
    max_check_attempts      3
    check_interval          5
    retry_interval          1
    check_period            24x7
    notification_interval   120
    notification_options    d,u,r
    notification_period     24x7
    contact_groups          admins
    register                0
}

########################################
# 通用服务模板
########################################
define service {
    name                    generic-service
    active_checks_enabled   1
    passive_checks_enabled  1
    parallelize_check       1
    obsess_over_service     1
    check_freshness         0
    notifications_enabled   1
    event_handler_enabled   1
    flap_detection_enabled  1
    process_perf_data       1
    retain_status_information   1
    retain_nonstatus_information    1
    notification_interval   60
    notification_options    w,u,c,r
    is_volatile             0
    check_period            24x7
    normal_check_interval   5
    retry_check_interval    1
    max_check_attempts      3
    notification_period     24x7
    contact_groups          admins
    register                0
}

########################################
# 高频检查服务模板
########################################
define service {
    name                    high-frequency-service
    use                     generic-service
    normal_check_interval   1
    retry_check_interval    1
    max_check_attempts      5
    register                0
}

########################################
# 联系人模板
########################################
define contact {
    name                    generic-contact
    service_notification_period     24x7
    host_notification_period        24x7
    service_notification_options    w,u,c,r
    host_notification_options       d,u,r
    service_notification_commands   notify-service-by-email
    host_notification_commands      notify-host-by-email
    register                        0
}

# 模板 A
define host {
    name        template-a
    max_check_attempts  3
    check_interval      5
    register            0
}

# 模板 B
define host {
    name        template-b
    use         template-a
    max_check_attempts  5
    register            0
}

# 实际主机
define host {
    use         template-b
    host_name   test-server
    address     192.168.1.1
    check_interval  10  # 显式定义，优先级最高
}

# 最终结果：
# max_check_attempts = 5（来自 template-b）
# check_interval = 10（来自显式定义）

# /etc/nagios/resource.cfg

# 插件路径
$USER1$=/usr/local/nagios/libexec

# 自定义插件路径
$USER2$=/usr/local/nagios/custom-plugins

# SNMP 凭据
$USER3$=public

# 邮件服务器
$USER4$=smtp.example.com:25

# 数据库凭据
$USER5$=monitoring_user
$USER6$=secure_password

# Web 服务认证
$USER7$=nagios_api_key

# 命令定义
define command {
    command_name    check_ping
    command_line    $USER1$/check_ping -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$
}

# 使用命令时传递参数
define service {
    use                     generic-service
    host_name               web-server-01
    service_description     PING
    check_command           check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
    #                      ARG1=100.0,20%  ARG2=500.0,60%
}

# 带多个参数的命令
define command {
    command_name    check_http_advanced
    command_line    $USER1$/check_http -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -p $ARG1$ -u $ARG2$ -e $ARG3$ -s $ARG4$
}

# 使用
define service {
    ...
    check_command   check_http_advanced!80!/login!200!Welcome
    #              ARG1=80  ARG2=/login  ARG3=200  ARG4=Welcome
}

# nagios.cfg 中使用 cfg_dir 引入目录
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/templates/
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/commands/
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/hosts/
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/services/
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/contacts/
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/hostgroups/
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/timeperiods/

# 验证所有配置
nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg

# 输出示例：
# Checking objects...
#     Checked 45 services.
#     Checked 12 hosts.
#     Checked 5 host groups.
#     Checked 3 service groups.
#     Checked 8 contacts.
#     Checked 3 contact groups.
#     Checked 24 commands.
#     Checked 5 time periods.
#
# Total Warnings: 0
# Total Errors:   0
# Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check

# 1. 逐文件验证（注释掉部分 cfg_file 行）

# 2. 使用脚本批量验证
for cfg in /etc/nagios/hosts/*.cfg; do
    echo "Checking: $cfg"
    nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg 2>&1 | grep -i error
done

# 3. 查看对象缓存
cat /var/log/nagios/objects.cache | grep "host_name"

# 4. 使用外部工具
# Adagios - Web 界面配置管理工具
# NagiosQL - 基于 Web 的配置管理

# 使用不同的模板应对不同环境
define host {
    use         linux-server-prod  # 生产环境模板
    host_name   web-server-01
    address     192.168.1.100
}

define host {
    use         linux-server-dev   # 开发环境模板
    host_name   dev-server-01
    address     10.0.0.100
}

# /etc/nagios/hosts/webservers.cfg

#include "webservers-common.cfg"

define host {
    use         linux-server
    host_name   web-01
    address     192.168.1.10
}

define host {
    use         linux-server
    host_name   web-02
    address     192.168.1.11
}

#!/bin/bash
# add_host.sh - 批量添加主机脚本

HOST_NAME=$1
HOST_IP=$2
HOST_GROUP=$3

cat >> /etc/nagios/hosts/${HOST_GROUP}.cfg << EOF

define host {
    use                     linux-server
    host_name               ${HOST_NAME}
    alias                   ${HOST_NAME}
    address                 ${HOST_IP}
    hostgroups              ${HOST_GROUP}
}
EOF

# 验证配置
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg

if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "配置验证通过，重启 Nagios..."
    systemctl restart nagios
else
    echo "配置验证失败，请检查！"
fi